Revision

  $Id: webjob-harvest-system_info.base,v 1.16 2006/02/06 05:02:33 klm Exp $

Purpose

  This recipe demonstrates how to setup and configure a basic
  harvest/reporting scheme that can be used within a WebJob framework
  to harvest system_info data, load it into MySQL, and generate a
  browsable set of indexed CSV- and HTML-reports.

Motivation

  The motivation for this recipe was the need to have a browsable
  repository of host-based information (backed by CSV files) that
  can be viewed online or packaged up and disseminated as an archive
  (e.g., tar ball).  Such a repository would be most useful in
  situations where you want to quickly retrieve information about
  a given host or set of hosts.  As the number of systems in your
  network(s) grow and evolve, it will be necessary to periodically
  harvest system information and process it.  This recipe provides
  a simple, convenient mechanism for doing just that.

Requirements

  Cooking with this recipe requires an operational WebJob server.
  If you do not have one of those, refer to the instructions provided
  in the README.INSTALL file that comes with the source distribution.
  The latest source distribution is available here:

    http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=40788

  Each client must be running UNIX and have basic system utilities
  and WebJob (1.5.0 or higher) installed.

  The server must be running UNIX and have basic system utilities,
  Apache, MySQL, and WebJob (1.5.0 or higher) installed.

  The commands presented throughout this recipe were designed to
  be executed within a Bourne shell (i.e., sh or bash).

Solution

  The solution is to install and configure the build tree, create
  a custom nph-webjob.cfg config file to handle system_info data,
  schedule a job (s_hdc_system_info) to harvest system_info data,
  and generate a set of reports by running make in the build tree.

  The following steps describe how to implement this solution.

  1. Set WEBJOB_BASE_DIR as appropriate for your server.  Then,
     extract build.tgz.uu from this recipe (Appendix 1), uudecode
     it, and unpack its contents in a suitable location.

       # WEBJOB_BASE_DIR=/var/webjob
       # sed -e '1,/^--- build.tgz.uu ---$/d; /^--- build.tgz.uu ---$/,$d' webjob-harvest-system_info.txt > build.tgz.uu
       # uudecode build.tgz.uu
       # tar -C ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR} -zxf build.tgz

     If you don't have uudecode on your system, try the following:

       # perl -ne 'next if (/^begin/); last if (/^end/); chomp; print unpack("u",$_);' < build.tgz.uu > build.tgz

     At this point, you should have a tree that looks like this:

       build/Makefile
       build/Mk/common-loader.mk
       build/Mk/common-macros.mk
       build/Mk/common-slicer-column-value.mk
       build/Mk/common-slicer-column.mk
       build/Mk/common-slicer.mk
       build/Mk/common-subdir.mk
       build/Mk/custom-macros.mk
       build/Mk/custom-slicer-column-value.mk.template
       build/Mk/custom-slicer-column.mk.template
       build/MkClients
       build/MkScripts/data_prep
       build/MkScripts/data_yank
       build/MkScripts/make_raw_index
       build/MkScripts/make_raw_list
       build/MkScripts/make_raw_report
       build/MkScripts/make_web_index_for_system_info
       build/MkScripts/make_web_report_for_system_info
       build/client/Makefile
       build/client/loader/Makefile
       build/system_info/Makefile
       build/system_info/loader/Makefile
       build/system_info/slicer/Makefile

  2. Edit ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/build/Mk/custom-macros.mk and set the
     WEBJOB_BASE_DIR and PROJECT_DB macros.  By default, these
     macros are set to '/var/webjob' and 'webjob', respectively.
     If your server's BaseDirectory is in a different location,
     modify WEBJOB_BASE_DIR as appropriate.  Likewise, if you want
     to create/use a different database, then modify PROJECT_DB as
     well.  Going forward, this recipe assumes that you've used the
     default values.

       # vi ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/build/Mk/custom-macros.mk

     Various build tree components use WEBJOB_BASE_DIR to determine
     where the raw (i.e., harvested) system_info data resides, and
     the PROJECT_DB macro specifies the MySQL database that should
     be created/used when inserting/querying the data.

  3. Edit ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/build/MkClients and insert a record
     for each WebJob client.  The records in this file have the
     following format:

       client_id|hostname|ip

     For example, if you had two hosts, host1 and host2, your
     MkClients file might look something like this:

       --- MkClients ---
       client_id|hostname|ip
       client_host1|host1|192.168.1.1
       client_host2|host2|192.168.1.2
       --- MkClients ---

     One way to create this list is to extract client_id and IP
     information from the log file (nph-webjob.log). Depending on
     your naming convention, you may be able to recover hostnames
     as well. In the example shown above, each hostname can be
     derived from the corresponding client_id. Thus, the following
     command (or some variation of it) could be used to build
     MkClients:

       # WEBJOB_LOG_FILE=${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/logfiles/nph-webjob.log
       # tail -10000 ${WEBJOB_LOG_FILE} | egrep ' GET .* Success$' | awk '{print $4"|"$4"|"$5}' | sed 's/[|]client_/|/; s/[|]server_/|/;' | sort -u

     If you want to build a list specific to this data type, then
     add the target command name to your egrep statement like so:

       # tail -10000 ${WEBJOB_LOG_FILE} | egrep ' GET .* s_hdc_system_info .* Success$' | awk '{print $4"|"$4"|"$5}' | sed 's/[|]client_/|/; s/[|]server_/|/;' | sort -u

  4. Next, you need to create a nph-webjob.cfg file to customize
     the way system_info data will be stored as it is uploaded to
     the server.  If this file already exists, you'll need to
     manually edit it and set OverwriteExistingFiles and PutNameFormat
     to 'Y' and '%CMD/%CMD_%CID', respectively.  The purpose of
     this custom config file is to override the default CGI behavior.
     Refer to the comments associated with ConfigSearchOrder in
     nph-webjob.cgi to get all the details.

       # mkdir -p ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/config/nph-webjob/commands/s_hdc_system_info
       # vi ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/config/nph-webjob/commands/s_hdc_system_info/nph-webjob.cfg

     At this point, your custom nph-webjob.cfg file should look
     like this:

     --- nph-webjob.cfg ---
     OverwriteExistingFiles=Y
     PutNameFormat=custom/system_info/system_info_%CID
     --- nph-webjob.cfg ---

     Note that the PutNameFormat specified here is guaranteed to
     produce filename collisions provided that a given client uploads
     system_info data more than once.  This was done for two reasons:
     1) with this particular application, there is no requirement
     to maintain a history of system_info data (i.e., we only need
     to maintain the most current information for each client) and
     2) it dramatically simplifies server-side processing by creating
     predictable filenames for all WebJob clients in a single output
     directory.  However, the default CGI configuration will reject
     any upload that attempts to overwrite existing files.  This
     is why OverwriteExistingFiles must also be disabled, but only
     for this particular command.

  5. Set WEBJOB_CLIENT and WEBJOB_COMMANDS as appropriate for your
     server.  Next, extract s_hdc_system_info from this recipe
     (Appendix 2), and install it in the specified commands directory.
     Once the file is in place, set its ownership and permissions
     to 0:0 and mode 644, respectively.

       # WEBJOB_CLIENT=common
       # WEBJOB_COMMANDS=${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/profiles/${WEBJOB_CLIENT}/commands
       # sed -e '1,/^--- s_hdc_system_info ---$/d; /^--- s_hdc_system_info ---$/,$d' webjob-harvest-system_info.txt > s_hdc_system_info
       # cp s_hdc_system_info ${WEBJOB_COMMANDS}/
       # chmod 644 ${WEBJOB_COMMANDS}/s_hdc_system_info
       # chown 0:0 ${WEBJOB_COMMANDS}/s_hdc_system_info

     The s_hdc_system_info script is designed to harvest system
     information and format it as follows:

       nodename|os|os_release|os_version|machine|processor|platform

     The 's_hdc' name prefix indicates that this is a "standard
     harvest downloaded command" script.

  6. Schedule s_hdc_system_info to run on your WebJob clients.  If
     you don't have a established/preferred way of doing that, take
     a look at this recipe:

       http://webjob.sourceforge.net/Files/Recipes/webjob-run-periodic.txt

     If you are using the hourly script, drop the following command
     into the script -- e.g., as a one-shot or periodic job.

       ${WEBJOB_HOME}/bin/webjob -e -f ${WEBJOB_HOME}/etc/upload.cfg s_hdc_system_info

     Now, sit back and wait for the data to roll in.

  7. Once all the system_info data has been harvested, you'll need
     to process it.  This can be done on the server as follows:

       # cd ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/build && make

     Before you tackle this step, make sure that MySQL is running
     and your account has access to it.  If you need to use credentials
     to access MySQL, you'll need to put them in your ~/.my.cnf
     because the current build scripts are unable to handle credentials
     for you.

     If the make process completes successfully, you'll have a new
     directory under ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/build called ${PROJECT_DB}_reports.
     This directory can be explored with a web browser, or it can
     be packaged as a dated tar ball using 'make dtar'.  Alternatively,
     you could make the reports accessible to remote users via
     Apache by copying or linking the reports tree into the server's
     web tree.

     Here's what an example build would look like with two hosts
     such as those used in step 3 (i.e., host1 and host2):

       ===> client
            ===> loader
                 yank...
                 ---> client.out
                 prep...
                 ---> client.out
                 load...
                 ---> client.out.sql
       ===> system_info
            ===> loader
                 yank...
                 ---> system_info_client_host1.out
                 ---> system_info_client_host2.out
                 prep...
                 ---> client_host1_system_info.out
                 ---> client_host2_system_info.out
                 load...
                 ---> client_host1_system_info.out.sql
                 ---> client_host2_system_info.out.sql
            ===> slicer
                 ===> client_id
                      ===> c0/da/6d/client_id_c0da6d00bda11671cd359f0df20bb385
                      ===> 77/d4/80/client_id_77d4805ea5ee6d36720391cb32ecf78b
                 ===> os
                      ===> a3/dc/63/os_a3dc630729e463135f4e608954fa6e19
                 ===> os_release
                      ===> 6d/bc/dd/os_release_6dbcdd54896178633c0e754921a491ef
                      ===> fe/93/f9/os_release_fe93f9e525180fe2cd676bfc9425fd1b
                 ===> os_version
                      ===> 6a/7b/42/os_version_6a7b4244eb9f3237a41758fe9ffe2ae3
                 ===> machine
                      ===> 30/5f/2c/machine_305f2c2be1993430e0808181e5be473e
                 ===> processor
                      ===> 30/5f/2c/processor_305f2c2be1993430e0808181e5be473e
                 ===> platform
                      ===> 6c/3e/22/platform_6c3e226b4d4795d518ab341b0824ec29

  8. To automatically process system_info on a nightly basis, you'll
     need to create a cron job that does the following:

       # cd ${WEBJOB_BASE_DIR}/build && make clean all

     The clean target resets the build environment by removing
     temporary output files and deletes tables from the database
     (i.e., ${PROJECT_DB}).

Closing Remarks

  The build tree presented in this recipe can be adapted/extended to
  process other/multiple data types.  However, the web-based reports
  do not scale well beyond a few thousand entries per column.  This
  effectively restricts the usefulness of this recipe to small- or
  medium-sized data types.  This limitation could be fixed by
  splitting the web-based reports in to pieces with next/previous
  links as needed.

  The make tree could be better.  It shouldn't be necessary to clean
  out the database and rebuild everything each time new data needs to
  be processed.

  Th harvest script in this recipe was originally designed to collect
  system_info data from Solaris and/or FreeBSD systems.  Some, but not
  enough, effort has been made to support other UNIXes.  Also, the
  processing scripts in this recipe were originally designed to work
  on FreeBSD and Linux.  In other words, your mileage may vary.  In
  particular, you may find that the head and tail utilities used in
  the various components may cause problems for certain platforms.

Credits

  This recipe was brought to you by Klayton Monroe.

Appendix 1

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$`$`!````
`
end
--- build.tgz.uu ---

Appendix 2

--- s_hdc_system_info ---
#!/bin/sh
######################################################################
#
# $Id: s_hdc_system_info,v 1.1.1.1 2005/02/19 15:53:45 klm Exp $
#
######################################################################
#
# Copyright 2004-2005 Klayton Monroe, All Rights Reserved.
#
######################################################################
#
# Purpose: Harvest system information.
#
######################################################################

IFS=' 	
'

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

PROGRAM=`basename $0`

######################################################################
#
# AddListItem
#
######################################################################

AddListItem()
{
  list=$1
  item=$2
  count=$3
  delimiter=${4-","}

  item=`echo "${item}" | sed 's/^  *//; s/  *$//;'` # Trim leading/trailing spaces.

  if [ ${count} -eq 1 ] ; then
    echo "${item}"
  else
    echo "${list}${delimiter}${item}"
  fi
}

######################################################################
#
# Usage
#
######################################################################

Usage()
{
  echo 1>&2
  echo "Usage: ${PROGRAM} [-H]" 1>&2
  echo 1>&2
  exit 1
}

Main()
{
  ####################################################################
  #
  # Punch in and go to work.
  #
  ####################################################################

  output_list="
    nodename
    os
    os_release
    os_version
    machine
    processor
    platform
    "

  count=1
  for field_name in ${output_list} ; do
    eval ${field_name}=""
    count=`expr ${count} + 1`
  done

  field_separator="|"

  ####################################################################
  #
  # Process command line arguments.
  #
  ####################################################################

  while getopts "H" OPTION ; do
    case "${OPTION}" in
    H)
      print_header=1
      ;;
    *)
      Usage
      ;;
    esac
  done

  if [ ${OPTIND} -le $# ] ; then
    Usage
  fi

  ####################################################################
  #
  # Harvest raw data.
  #
  ####################################################################

  os=`uname -s 2> /dev/null`

  case "${os}" in
  FreeBSD)
    machine=`uname -m 2> /dev/null`
    nodename=`uname -n 2> /dev/null | cut -f1 -d.`
    os_release=`uname -r 2> /dev/null`
    os_version=`uname -v 2> /dev/null | sed 's/  *$//; s/^.*\(\#[0-9]\{1,\}\).*\/\([^\/]\{1,\}\)$/\2 \1/;'`
    platform=""
    processor=`uname -p 2> /dev/null`
    ;;
  Darwin)
    machine=`uname -m 2> /dev/null`
    nodename=`uname -n 2> /dev/null | cut -f1 -d.`
    os_release=`uname -r 2> /dev/null`
    os_version=`uname -v 2> /dev/null | sed 's/  *$//; s/^.*\/\([^\/]\{1,\}\)$/\1/;'`
    platform=""
    processor=`uname -p 2> /dev/null`
    ;;
  Linux)
    machine=`uname -m 2> /dev/null`
    nodename=`uname -n 2> /dev/null | cut -f1 -d.`
    os_release=`uname -r 2> /dev/null`
    os_version=`uname -v 2> /dev/null | sed 's/\(\#[0-9]\{1,\}\( SMP\)\{0,1\}\).*$/\1/;'`
    platform=`uname -i 2> /dev/null`
    processor=`uname -p 2> /dev/null`
    ;;
  OpenBSD)
    machine=`uname -m 2> /dev/null`
    nodename=`uname -n 2> /dev/null | cut -f1 -d.`
    os_release=`uname -r 2> /dev/null`
    os_version=`uname -v 2> /dev/null | sed 's/  *$//; s/\(\#[0-9]\{1,\}\).*$/ \1/;'`
    platform=""
    processor=`uname -p 2> /dev/null`
    ;;
  NetBSD)
    machine=`uname -m 2> /dev/null`
    nodename=`uname -n 2> /dev/null | cut -f1 -d.`
    os_release=`uname -r 2> /dev/null`
    os_version=`uname -v 2> /dev/null | sed 's/  *$//; s/^.*\(\#[0-9]\{1,\}\).*\/\([^\/]\{1,\}\)$/\2 \1/;'`
    platform=""
    processor=`uname -p 2> /dev/null`
    ;;
  SunOS)
    machine=`uname -m 2> /dev/null`
    nodename=`uname -n 2> /dev/null | cut -f1 -d.`
    os_release=`uname -r 2> /dev/null`
    os_version=`uname -v 2> /dev/null`
    platform=`uname -i 2> /dev/null`
    processor=`uname -p 2> /dev/null`
    ;;
  *)
    echo "${PROGRAM}: Unsupported OS (${os})." 1>&2
    exit 2
    ;;
  esac

  ####################################################################
  #
  # Print report.
  #
  ####################################################################

  count=1
  header=""
  for field_name in ${output_list} ; do
    header=`AddListItem "${header}" "${field_name}" "${count}" "${field_separator}"`
    count=`expr ${count} + 1`
  done

  count=1
  output=""
  for field_name in ${output_list} ; do
    eval field_data=\$${field_name}
    output=`AddListItem "${output}" "${field_data}" "${count}" "${field_separator}"`
    count=`expr ${count} + 1`
  done

  if [ ${print_header-0} -eq 1 ] ; then
    echo "${header}"
  fi
  echo "${output}"
}

Main $*
--- s_hdc_system_info ---